"The key to our success was understanding that the rhythms of artificial neurons had to match those of real neurons," explained Levi. "Once we were able to do it, the biological network was able to respond to the" melodies "sent by the artificial one".

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-63934-4

Interesting research based on the Optogenetics (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optogenetics).